Thursday, October 22, 2009

Tangled

Merriam-Webster defines entangled a couple similar ways:
  1. wrapped or twisted together : interwoven
  2. involved in a perplexing or troublesome situation
Allow me to now entangle Charles Darwin's biology, Einstein's physics, and Thomas Jefferson's politics, which use this word to depict driving forces in their fields.

Thomas Jefferson's 1801 Inaugural Address coined a phrase often attributed to George Washington in error:
Equal and exact justice to all men, of whatever state or persuasion, religious or political; peace, commerce, and honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none.
Charles Darwin's 1859 work, On The Origins of Species, concluded with a vivid metaphor:
It is interesting to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth, and to reflect that these elaborately constructed forms, so different from each other, and dependent on each other in so complex a manner, have all been produced by laws acting around us. These laws, taken in the largest sense, being Growth with Reproduction; inheritance which is almost implied by reproduction; Variability from the indirect and direct action of the external conditions of life, and from use and disuse; a Ratio of Increase so high as to lead to a Struggle for Life, and as a consequence to Natural Selection, entailing Divergence of Character and the Extinction of less-improved forms. Thus, from the war of nature, from famine and death, the most exalted object which we are capable of conceiving, namely, the production of the higher animals, directly follows. There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.

Albert Einstein called it "spooky action at a distance" and denied anything exceeded the speed of light per his seminal theory of relativity E=MC2, but in 1935 Erwin Schrödinger coined a term in quantum physics to describe particles separate yet moving in coordination:
I would call entanglement not one but rather the characteristic trait of quantum mechanics, the one that enforces its entire departure from classical lines of thought.

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